Indeed, fibrinolytic therapy was one of the biggest advances in cardiology-related research, especially before the establishment of catheter-based reperfusion therapy. The initial TIMI trial focused on fibrinolytic agents, as evidenced by the group’s name. ¶ In conjunction with Oxford University, United KingdomĪCS = Acute Coronary Syndrome ASCVD = Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease CABG = Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting CAD = Coronary Artery Disease HFrEF = Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction INV Rx = Invasive Strategy LMWH = Low Molecular Weight Heparin MI= Myocardial Infarction NSTE-ACS = Non-ST-elevation ACS PCI = Percutaneous Coronary Intervention STEMI = ST-elevation myocardial infarction UA = unstable angina ‖In conjunction with Hadassah Medical Organization, Israel § In conjunction with Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Sweden ‡ In conjunction with Duke Clinical Research Institute † In conjunction with Leuven Coordinating Center, Belgium Their high-quality trial conduct has advanced clinical research and their solid evidence has directed systemic changes to the standard of contemporary cardiovascular practice. Their studies range from phase I to phase IV trials, registries, and from small domestic studies to mega international studies conducted in collaboration with more than 5,000 sites in 50 countries, and have enrolled, in total, approximtely 400,000 patients Currently, the TIMI Study Group’s research interests are not only limited to public sector sponsored trials, but also cover new drug developmental studies sponsored by private sectors. The TIMI Study Group has been the leading figure since then, conducting more than 70 multicenter cardiovascular clinical trials, initially under the leadership of Dr. The TIMI Study Group was established in 1984 and was among the first groups to take on the challenge of organizing and implementing global clinical trials. Since high quality clinical research requires a lot of resources, important clinical trials were initially sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), which is part of the United States Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS). The one group in particular that has paved the way is the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Study Group at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard University, along with others such as Duke Clinical Research Institute (DCRI) at Duke University, Clinical Trial Service Unit (CTSU) at the University of Oxford, and the Population Health Research Institute at McMaster University. The concept of AROs dates to the 1980s when a few groups started academic international clinical studies. AROs consist of teams of academic investigators aiming to conduct clinical research to address clinical questions and unmet needs, and to educate the next generation of clinical investigators to raise the level of overall clinical research, including clinical trials. The term ARO refers to an academic or nonprofit organization which focuses on developing clinical evidence systematically to improve patient care across the globe. There has been substantial scientific progress in the understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) over the last century, which we owe to decades of basic research and to the upsurge of refined and sophisticated clinical research led by academic research organizations (AROs). In this review article, the authors aim to summarize major research lead by the TIMI Study Group in the ASCVD field. Through a mutual goal to improve the care of ASCVD patients, the Japanese scientific community has become one of the important contributors to the TIMI Study Group’s clinical research. By leading large-scale, international, randomized, controlled trials of novel therapeutics, the TIMI Study Group has helped shape the very practice of cardiovascular medicine for over a quarter of a century, and decades of research continue to provide future promise for further advancement. However, over the years, the TIMI Study Group has expanded their research interests to include antithrombotic therapy, lipid lowering, anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, and even heart failure. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Study Group was initially established to conduct a clinical trial studying thrombolysis for treatment of myocardial infarction. This has led to the clinical development of various novel therapeutic interventions for patients with or at risk of ASCVD, in which randomized clinical trials played a crucial role. The elucidation of the atherogenesis mechanism is considered one of the most relevant scientific accomplishments of the last century. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the world, warranting continuous research in this field.
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